10 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... - burns - fevers ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... calcification appears as ... == Gout == 3 ... • Metabolic syndrome ... 12-24 Hours • Fever
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
3. ... Alkalosis Step 3 ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Anxiety, pain, fever ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
3 times than men ... Pathophysiology ... : • Associated ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Pathophysiology: ... • Associated with ... • Urine sodium ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
or proteinase 3 ... Coronary arteries - Fever ... Vasculitis: • Fevers ... vasculitis) - 2 ... are proteinase 3
Pseudogout Summary - Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD)

Pathophysiology:
Pyrophosphate produced by chondrocytes likely precipitates with calcium to
) Pathophysiology ... and warmth 3. ... prophylaxis for ≥2 ... Crowned Dens Syndrome ... acute neck pain, fever
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
fluctuations PRES-Associated ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Risk factors 3. ... edema visualized as ... 3 mEq/L • Seizures
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
globally, excluding areas ... (FMF) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... arthritis affecting 2 ... anywhere from 1 to 3 ... conditions are associated
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
- Associated ... (often termed MAS-HLH ... ) 3. ... Pathophysiology ... Fever b.