9 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
If the patient has ... hematuria and/or ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... Think of the "H's ... Monosodium urate ... • Metabolic syndrome ... #Gout #Comparison
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Pathophysiology: ... • Associated with ... - Salt and ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... infects the CNS ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Principles of HIV-Associated ... Periventricular regions; associated ... Demyelinating disease caused ... periventricular areas ... • EBV analysis has
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... of the retina, uveae ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
O Oxoprolin (associated ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... acidosis: - CNS ... lung disease (COPD ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 cases ... men • Commonly associated ... Pathophysiology ... : • Associated ... diaphoresis, high HR