9 results
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... Commonly caused ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
symptoms: • Severe low ... - Emergency Causes ... reflexes - reduced ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... , T1 (median) Reflexes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... #UpperLimb #Extremity ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... meningitis, it has low ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... paralysis of all extremity ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... management #treatment #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... , lower extremity ... differential #algorithm
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... paralysis of all extremity ... the underlying pathophysiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Osmoles, Increased Urate ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology