11 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... escape #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
- Appropriate renal ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Osmoles, Increased Urate ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... irrigation • Management ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... • Hypokalemia (renal ... , Renal tubular ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology