11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, Normal R - ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Low-normal EABV ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... • Depressive symptoms ... The clinical syndrome ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... /low blood pressure ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #differential
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... CSF PROTEIN - NORMAL ... GQ1b IgG Antibody associated ... management #treatment #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
fluctuations PRES-Associated ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
on the skin • Areas ... Syncope / Exercise Associated ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms ... - Core temp normal