13 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... investigations abnormal ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... are not caused ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... anterior/posterior MSK ... ), liver (pain/abnormal
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... injury • Gait is abnormal ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... differential #algorithm
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... • Depressive symptoms ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Focal inflammatory disorder ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... Sjogren's • CSF: - Abnormal ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
with autoimmune disorders ... a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... stages #staging #msk
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 cases ... Pathophysiology ... other neurological disorders ... Oligoclonal bands • Normal ... limb or joint disorders
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS)
 • Diagnosis Of CECS requires patient to undergo the same exertional
Exertional Compartment Syndrome ... activity that causes ... CompartmentSyndrome #CECS #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #msk