20 results
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... infection - Most common ... enzymes ↑ • Mild anemia ... and HIV p24 antigen ... -1 and HIV-2 •
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
disconnection syndrome ... occlusion is the most common ... Pathophysiology: ... Infarct (most common ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... infects the CNS ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... ataxia
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Affects 1:25,000 ... - gastric and breast ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... , HIV) • Glucocorticoid
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... • Neurological deficits ... Systemic symptoms and ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... hepatitis serology, HIV ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Commonly Observed Laboratory Findings in Hepatic / Liver Failure
 - Elevated conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin -
Commonly Observed ... unconjugated bilirubin - Defects ... Hyperammonemia - Impaired urea ... deficiency - Anemia ... the hepatorenal syndrome
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Opthaloplegia • Ataxia ... management #treatment #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in HIV ... Symptoms: AMS, motor deficits ... , gait ataxia, and ... periventricular areas ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
HIV) - Vitamin ... - Friedreich ataxia ... anesthesia (more commonly ... anesthesia (more commonly ... differential #diagnosis #neurology