10 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... Proximal tubule Bartter ... #Fanconi #Bartter ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... acid transporter Bartter ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... the blood-brain barrier ... (BBB), and infects ... the blood-brain barrier ... The clinical syndrome
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
Gerstmann Syndrome ... - Inability to differentiate ... patient is still able ... subjacent white matter ... #neurology #diagnosis
Side Effects of the Neobladder - Pathophysiology
 • Hercalciuria → Kidney Stones
 • Bone Resorption →
Side Effects of ... • Salt Loss Syndrome ... Absorption of NH4+,Urea ... #Neobladder #SideEffects ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential ... tubule reabsorptive defect ... actively working • Bartter ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... Clinico-Radiological Syndrome ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Reversible course Differential ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
in HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Symptoms: AMS, motor deficits ... periventricular areas ... subcortical white matter ... CNS #Infections #differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Compression • Genetic Defects ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #table