13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Gitelman ... Genetic defects ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... ascending limb Gitelman ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) • Gitelman's ... syndrome • Thiazide ... ab • Genetics defects ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... , Gitelman syndrome ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Side Effects of the Neobladder - Pathophysiology
 • Hercalciuria → Kidney Stones
 • Bone Resorption →
Side Effects of ... • Salt Loss Syndrome ... Absorption of NH4+,Urea ... #Neobladder #SideEffects ... #Pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #