8 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Localization #Nephron #Defects ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
Effects of Strokes ... Artery #Strokes #Syndromes ... CVA #Territory #Symptoms ... #Localization #Effects ... #Table #Territories
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Epithelial #Inherited #Defects ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... • Neurological deficits ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... barrier (BBB), and infects ... • Depressive symptoms ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
lesions < 4cm + mass effect ... : AMS, motor deficits ... periventricular areas ... diameter - +mass effect ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
Compression • Genetic Defects ... Coxsackie virus, EBV, HIV ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #table
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... preferentially affects ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology