8 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... Mechanism of Action, Effects ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Pharmacology #summary ... #table #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Epithelial #Inherited #Defects ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... Supplement: • Potassium ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
and Management Summary ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Monitor potassium ... per day until stable
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
tubule reabsorptive defect ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... syndrome (defective ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
and Management Summary ... - Compartment syndrome ... Monitor potassium ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... barrier (BBB), and infects ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology