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diagnosis differential hyponatremia low alkalosis metabolic aki management treatment acute acutekidneyinjury cancer chloride glomerular hepatology hepatorenal hrs hypokalemia hypotonic injury
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
ADH promotes Urea ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
uric acid <4 • SIADH ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... include pain, primary ... promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Solute Intake - Primary ... , SSRIs) - SIADH ... #sodium
SIADH Treatment Options 1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... Primary lung pathology ... promoting passive sodium ... 0.9% NS • If Urine ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... (UOsm < 100): Primary ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... water intake (Primary ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
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