13 results
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
uric acid <4 • SIADH ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Salt Wasting vs SIADH ... - Pathophysiology ... → Increased urine ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #comparison
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Volume Depleted ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... Volume Expanded ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
ADH promotes Urea ... Uric Acid - Low ... Uric Acid → SIADH ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Volume Depleted ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... Volume Expanded ... #Nephrology #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine ... restriction alone in SIADH ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... insufficiency, SIADH ... #causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... arterial blood volume ... Low-normal EABV ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, ... diagnosis #sodium #nephrology