12 results
Echinococcal Cysts in the Liver- The physical examination revealed hepatomegaly with a palpable hepatic mass. Laboratory
Echinococcal Cysts ... a normal white-cell ... Hydatid disease is caused ... #clinical #NEJM ... liver #hepatic #radiology
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... • Non-small-cell ... cancer • Renal cell ... #diagnosis #differential
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Bone Tumors - Differential ... in adults - Breast ... Non-Malignant • Giant Cell ... #Orthopedics #Causes ... #Oncology #Radiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift - Differential ... Osmoles, Increased Urate ... Hyperosmolarity • Cell ... • Digoxin #Hyperkalemia
Vertebral Hydatidosis- Physical examination revealed impaired sensation in both legs and weak foot flexion. Laboratory tests
elevated total white-cell ... Echinococcus is ... Infection can cause ... #clinical #radiology ... #MRI #NEJM #vertebral
Causes of Myocarditis 
1. Infectious Myocarditis
 • Bacterial - Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Gonococcus, Salmonella, Corynebacterium
Causes of Myocarditis ... Trichinella spiralis, Echinococcus ... infection-negative giant cell ... #differential # ... diagnosis #cardiology
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
200ms from longer pause ... block (lower AV cells ... EKG #diagnosis #electrocardiogram ... #cardiology #differential
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... Elevation - Differential ... Disorders: • Hyperkalemia ... voltage Other Causes ... #ecg #ekg #electrocardiogram
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM)

What is PPCM?
• A form of acute systolic heart failure that develops late in
vessels, harms heart cells ... , selenium) Differential ... including giant-cell ... tachycardia on the electrocardiogram ... Cardiomyopathy #Cardiology