19 results
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... Tubulointerstitial diseases - Urinary ... transplant - SLE High ... Renin - Primary ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Types of Urinary Incontinence
 - Stress Incontinence - The urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient
Types of Urinary ... - Urge Incontinence ... #Urinary #Incontinence ... #Types #Classification ... #Causes #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... starts by measuring urinary ... either secondary or primary ... tubular acidosis (type ... Gitelman's syndrome • Primary
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... multiparous women - Urge ... running water - Overflow ... Distended bladder with high ... Obstruction #Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... and 2, but not type ... Potassium #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... Normal, Renin High ... : • Primary hypoaldosteronism ... 1 #Hyperkalemia
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
- Acquired - Primary ... - Acquired - Primary ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... demeclocycline) Primary ... #Types #Nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
volume, Increased urinary ... excretion, Increased urinary ... volume, Increased urinary ... intestine, Low urinary ... Mycoplasma infections, High
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Elevated PTH (High ... or normal): • Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... losses: • High ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary