20 results
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
the ankle jerk reflex ... a diagnosis of primary ... #Delayed #Clinical ... #Video #Neurology ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... multiparous women - Urge ... Contraction - Signs ... , cauda equina syndrome ... Obstruction #Urinary
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... sudden, strong urge ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Pathophysiology #Signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #urology #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... infections • primary ... the bladder for urinary ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... of normal leg reflexes ... ) • Urinary and
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Bladder retention -> Primarily ... bladder and rectal reflex ... pathophysiology #signs ... #orthopedics #neurology
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
syndrome resulting ... abolished tendon reflexes ... hammer, caused ... #video #neurology ... #endocrinology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
>10 mmHg - clinically ... significant portal HTN Signs ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... • Budd Chiari syndrome ... pregnancy • Primary