16 results
Hoffmann's Reflex on Physical Exam
The Hoffmann's reflex itself involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking
A positive response ... A positive Hoffmann ... are not useful signs ... #clinical #neurology ... #UMN #video #Pyramidal
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
the ankle jerk reflex ... a diagnosis of primary ... a deep-tendon reflex ... #Delayed #Clinical ... #Video #Neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
and LMN signs in ... (3) primary lateral ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... and LMN signs to ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... sudden, strong urge ... (idiopathic), CNS ... Pathophysiology #Signs
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
encephalitis, and primary ... should be based on clinical ... specificity 90–100% Primary ... approaching 100% for primary ... and <25% culture positive
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... hepatitis serology, HIV
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... infections • primary ... cord infarct • HIV ... the bladder for urinary ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN ... patients with clinically ... stimulation Clinical ... Progressive MS • Primary ... • Acute: - IV
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... • Symptoms and signs ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... : Areflexia UMN
Pediatric Trauma Primary Survey: C-ABCDE
C - Catastrophic Bleeding - Life-threatening hemorrhage
 • Apply direct pressure/compression bandage
Pediatric Trauma Primary ... Airway Compromise - Position ... ↓ BP is a late sign ... pelvic fracture • NS ... Pediatrics #Trauma #Primary