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nephrology differential hypernatremia cancer comparison em euvolemic evaluation hypervolemic hypotonic im low management nephro oncology pathophysiology physiologic pseudohyponatremia saltwasting siadh
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypovolemic, Serum ... Renal losses, Cerebral ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... → Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia: 1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic) 2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... acute vs. chronic) 2) ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Ddxof
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Osmotic diuresis, Cerebral ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... elevated Step 2: ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... considered likely, the cause ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Insufficiency, Cerebral ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... management #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... 100 mOsm/kg = Urine ... appropriate • Hypovolemia ... CAR-T- and IL-2-
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