14 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... microscopy / urinary ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
: Hypovolemia, Low ... Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... Check Urine Osmolality ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low