141 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... has hematuria and ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer ... to Nephrology if ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
Testing Algorithm ... Cortisol, Free Urine ... between 11 pm and ... Free by LC-MS/MS ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

This primitive reflex found in newborn babies that normally vanishes around 4
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex ... This primitive reflex ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video ... #Neurology #Peds
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
middle finger. 2) Ask ... Hoffmanns #Sign #Reflex ... Positive #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology ... #PhysicalExam
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... investigations depending on clinical ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
clinical findings ... clumsiness in hands ... rectal reflex. ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Hoffmann's Reflex on Physical Exam
The Hoffmann's reflex itself involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking
Hoffmann's Reflex ... The Hoffmann's reflex ... #Hoffmanns #Reflex ... #Sign #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #neurology
Hoffmann's Sign

Hoffman's sign means upper motor neuron injury.  The Hoffmann's reflex test itself involves loosely
The Hoffmann's reflex ... Hoffmanns #Sign #Reflex ... Positive #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology ... #physicalexam
Freiberg's Test for Piriformis Syndrome

Flex the hip to 90 degrees, internally rotate the hip.
Pain in the
for Piriformis Syndrome ... Flex the hip ... sciatica #lumbar #clinical ... #video #physicalexam ... #msk #sports #orthopedics