37 results
differential causes hyponatremia workup hypokalemia metabolic sodium aki hypophosphatemia kidneyinjury potassium table casts chloride management microscopy pharmacology phosphate urinary anasarca
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome • Urine ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Overfill ... sodium retention, Urine ... • AKI/CKD • Nephrotic ... • Sepsis • Acute
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... paraproteinemia, acute ... leukemia Measure Urine ... resp. alkalosis ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... casts are seen in acute ... syndrome ("Maltese ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
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