11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate ... for Respiratory Acidosis ... Alkalosis Urine ... Barter, or Gitelman Syndrome ... #alkalosis #algorithm
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... acidosis: Proximal ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis - Differential ... (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate ... Loss (Negative urine ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... volume contracted: urine ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
KDIGO Treatment algorithm for management of acute hyperkalemia in the emergency department
 • Place on cardiac
KDIGO Treatment ... salbutamol • Consider bicarbonate ... if acidosis without ... #treatment #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... lysis) ± Urine ... 22) or isotonic bicarbonate ... bradycardia • Isotonic Bicarbonate ... #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypochloremic metabolic ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #diagnosis #nephrology