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diagnosis algorithm metabolic management nephrotic proteinuria renal treatment urology blood nephritic syndromes urinary abnormal chloride classification color comparison discoloration diseases
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... syndrome: • ... RBC casts → Diagnostic ... #Differential # ... #urology #nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
• Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Renal: - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Renal: - Glomerular ... membrane, Alport syndrome ... #Hematuria #Differential
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... blood cells on urine ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... #Differential #
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... • Drugs Glomerular ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Approach to the differential ... cell/white cell casts ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis Turbid White Urine (Albinuria): • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Urine Color - Differential ... : • Hematuria, ... : • Hematuria, ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
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