8 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
• Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... if cause not identified ... #blood #urine
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... or dipstick) Glomerular ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... • Normal/low blood ... Urine chloride is ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... screen, including blood ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... losses: • High Blood ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
arbitrarily defined as urine ... content [85].2>5 red blood ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... hyperreactivity • Urologic ... Kidney stones caused ... Prevention of blood ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Uremic Frost in End-Stage Renal Disease- A 39-year-old man with end-stage renal disease presented to the
with anorexia, nausea ... continued to have urine ... studies showed a blood ... NEJM #clinical #photo ... #renal #urology