19 results
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
(late) • High Urine ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... Measure urine osmolality ... demyelination syndrome ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #nephrology #management
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology