12 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... solute intake (Beer ... table #sodium #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
BEE Syndromes - ... Non-inflammatory Causes ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... #Syndromes #neurology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... colored compounds (e.g ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus ... Caused commonly ... Atrophy) - can be ... PhysicalExam #clinical #neurology ... #posture #video
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... nodules, may also see ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
left eye that had been ... the follow up video ... The most common causes ... MRI was ordered ... ophthalmology #neurology
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
The MRI findings ... acyclovir 10mg/kg ... condition can be ... HZO #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #neurology