20 results
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
prolapse (Marfan syndrome ... , Ehler-Danlos syndrome ... , carcinoid syndrome ... hypereosinophilic syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... - Alport syndrome ... of glomerular disease ... • Infection (Viral ... #urology #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... • Hartnup disease ... UTI caused by (Proteus ... #Color #discoloration ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... of Altered Urine ... hepatobiliary diseases ... #Colored #Discoloration ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... lymphoproliferative disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Diagnosis and Causes ... Echocardiography, Cardiac MRI ... Hyper-eosinophilc Syndrome ... Cardiomyopathy #Diagnosis #Causes ... #differential #cardiology
Causes of Pericardial Effusion - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Viral: Enterovirus, Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus
 • Bacterial: Mycobacterium
Causes of Pericardial ... Infectious: • Viral ... : EGPA, Horton Disease ... , Takayasu Disease ... #cardiology
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Contractility: • MI ... Afterload: • Mitral ... Hypotension • Mitral ... #Syncope #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Myocarditis
Infectious Etiologies:
 • Viral agents: Adenoviruses, Enteroviruses (coxsackievirus), Herpesviruses (human herpesvirus 6, Epstein—Barr virus),
Causes of Myocarditis ... Etiologies: • Viral ... cruzi (Chagas disease ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Leigh Syndrome 
History: 19-month-old girl with hypotonia, developmental 
delay, failure to thrive, and bilateral optic disc
Leigh Syndrome ... DWI+ in acute disease ... patterns (this case ... #Clinical #MRI ... Brain #Diagnosis #Radiology