22 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... • 1ml blood/liter ... → Diagnostic of ... #causes #urology ... #urine #blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... screen, including blood ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... losses: • High Blood ... • Low/Normal Blood ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
month following neck ... consistent with a diagnosis ... Bennett & Bloom ... ophthalmology #physicalexam ... #neurology #Anisocoria
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

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What’s the diagnosis ... accept increased blood ... and other rarer causes ... Kussmauls #Sign #physicalexam ... #neck #jugular
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Contractility: • MI ... Preload: • Blood ... #Syncope #Cardiology ... #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... content [85].2>5 red blood ... because nephritic urine ... #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology