27 results
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... dip = albuminuria ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... microscopic and ... #urology #nephrology
Convergence Retraction Nystagmus with a left 6th nerve palsy

Caused by a Midbrain hemorrhage

Dr. Boby Varkey Maramattom
nerve palsy Caused ... retraction #nystagmus #ocular ... #physicalexam # ... clinical #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... e.g NSAlDs) 3) FIX ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Chlorophyl breath mints ... Syndrome - UTI ... caused by (Proteus ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC BPPV after Dix Hallpike Maneuver

This is a case of posterior semicircular canal
Ocular Nystagmus ... Maneuver This is a case ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #ophthalmology ... #neurology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... Casts • Hyaline ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... #Localization #ophthalmology ... #neurology #differential ... #diagnosis #ocular