17 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... works by directly ... intracellular calcium causes ... #cardiology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... osmolarity If cause ... #Injury #AKI #Workup ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
SGLT2 Inhibitors 
SGLT2 inhibitors are the newest class of anti-diabetic medications, with the first one (Canagliflozin)
These work by inhibiting ... kidney), which causes ... glucose in the urine ... excretion in the urine ... SGLT2 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology
Clinically Significant Cardiovascular Drug-Drug Interactions With OTC Supplements and Herbal Products
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)
 • Night-blooming
and tachycardia Digoxin ... vera, Licorice - Causes ... Interacts with digoxin ... supplementals #herbal #pharmacology ... #DDI #table #cardiology
Intraoperative  Bradycardia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Bradycardia in theatre should not be treated as
Consider known drug causes ... remifentanil, digoxin ... beta-blocker; digoxin ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup ... #Cardiology
Acute Atrial Fibrillation - Initial Options for Rate Control
Diltiazem IV
 •  Rapid onset and rapidly
IV bolus can cause ... long-term oral use Digoxin ... • Does not cause ... Rate #Control #pharmacology ... #management #cardiology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... the underlying cause ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 24-hour urine ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... glomerular #testing #workup ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology