74 results
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Meniere's Disease ... symptoms/signs, ... nystagmus - Infection ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... #nephrology #renal
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
Clinical: • Disease ... exertion • Neurologic ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #Pulmonary
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... casts - Renal infection ... Urinary tract infection ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... HSP • Post-infectious ... Minimal change disease ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Urinary tract infections ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... pulmonary TB PE ... for concomitant pulmonary
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... allopurinol), Infection ... DAH, rule out infection ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... or signs. ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Pancreatitis • Pulmonary ... #symptoms
Causes of Peripheral Weakness without Sensory Changes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Objective Weakness
 • Cardio-pulmonary disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... Weakness • Cardio-pulmonary ... disease • Anemia ... • Chronic Infection ... Peripheral #Weakness #Neurology