32 results
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Renal tubular acidosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... - Antiviral treatment ... herpes virus or HIV ... #differential #diagnosis
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis • ↑ ... 2 HRS) • Low urine ... #diagnosis #HRS ... #nephrology #criteria
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Loss (Negative urine ... IV Alpha-Intercalated ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Infection - Viral (HIV ... : • Triad of symptoms ... • Other symptoms ... #nephrology
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
mononucleosis/flu type ... Viral hepatitis Diagnosis ... acquisition in which no diagnostic ... antibody test) Treatment ... #HIV #diagnosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
excretion (e.g., urine ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome ... Ethylene glycol - HIV ... #typeb #classification
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
be treated with IV ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
What?
 • Unilateral orbital/retrobulbar pain
 • Paresis of the cranial nerves Ill, IV, VI
 •
cranial nerves Ill, IV ... or orbit (MRI) Treatment ... resolution of the symptoms ... #TolosaHunt #neurology ... #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... (11-ß HSD type ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology