13 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Urologic irrigants Hypotonic ... Reset osmostat, Cerebral ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Na >1 is predictive ... Insufficiency, Cerebral ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Sodium 4) Serum ... #nephrology #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Renal losses, Cerebral ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... glucosuria Low Urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... osmolality 2) Check urine ... volume status, urine ... sodium, uric acid ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium