16 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Tonic-clonic Provoked ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Causes of Provoked ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyponatremia ... #Causes #Peds #
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Inappropriate - Consider: SIADH ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... / Provoked Seizures ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyponatremia ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... tests Step 5: If SIADH ... considered likely, the cause
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... and metabolic alkalosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Causes
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyponatremia ... #Causes #Peds #
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... restriction alone in SIADH ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia