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diagnosis differential nephrology adh cancer edema evaluation generalized hyperkalemia hypotonic hypovolemia intercellularshift oncology osmolality physiologic potomania raas sodium table thiazides
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... Appropriate (↓ EABV ... Inappropriate - Consider: SIADH ... #causes #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... restriction alone in SIADH ... Present (Uosm ≥100): SIADH
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... sodium retention, Urine ... • NSAlDs • AKI ... Trauma #Edema #anasarca ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... tests Step 5: If SIADH ... considered likely, the cause
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Causes
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... among the possible causes ... in blood urea causes ... #Hypovolemia #EBV ... #potomania #SIADH
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... 100 mOsm/kg = Urine ... inappropriate • SIAD ... chemotherapy, nausea
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... meq/L • Low EABV ... renal failure • AKI ... #Causes
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