7 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... volume restriction alone ... diuresis can be high ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
trial • Minimal K ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... densa receives high ... Decreased GFR, urine ... #LR #Normal #Saline
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... saline administration ... mannitol, glucosuria Low
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... Hypertonic Saline ... Cirrhosis - Correct K ... #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, Saline infusion ... lysis) ± Urine ... hypovolemia) - Use LR ... acidosis) • Low ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
we introduce a high ... the ECF causes Hyperkalemia ... The high CL- content ... crystalloids like LR ... management #diagnosis #treatment
Hyperkalemia Management
Pseudohyperkalemia: 1. Hemolyzed sample 2. Blood drawn from a site/line where potassium or TPN is
drawn from a site/line ... • MEDIUM (30 ... or dialysis • SLOW ... #Management #treatment ... #potassium #high