17 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Euvolemia: SIADH ... Hypervolemia: Congestive ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Urologic irrigants Hypotonic ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... , Renal Sodium loss ... differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... uric acid <4 • SIADH ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... underlying cause (CHF ... , SSRIs) - SIADH ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... Diuretic #Diuresis #CHF ... #Algorithm #Congestive
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... With edema • Congestive ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Hypo-osmolar urine