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differential management causes hypernatremia pathophysiology table workup cancer cardiology cerebral chf clinical comparison criticalcare ebv gitelman heartfailure hyperkalemia hypokalemia hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Utilizing Uric Acid ADH ... Uric Acid → SIADH ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → ADH → water reabsorption ... → Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... sodium low, uric ... acid high in hypovolemic ... - Urine sodium ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Hypovolemic, Serum ... uric acid <4 • SIADH ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... • Hypovolemic - ... insufficiency, SIADH ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give ... , SSRIs) - SIADH ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Inappropriate - Consider: SIADH ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... • Euvolemia: SIADH ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
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