15 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
polyangiitis, Microscopic ... Basement Membrane ... testing: anti-ANCA ... ab, anti-GBM ab ... , ANA, C3, C4, anti-CCP
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
selected glomerular diseases ... (IM) - Electron ... Microscopy (EM) ... Amyloid RPGN • Anti-GBM ... #nephrology #pathology
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
, renal, and post-renal ... interstitial disease ... basement membrane ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... Causes #Sites #Nephrology
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Anti-Sm (Smith) ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... polyangiitis without renal ... + 30-60% • Renal-limited ... + 90% • Anti-GBM
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
of glomerular disease ... Basement Membrane ... staining on IF • No EM ... Classification #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... • Glomerular: ANCA ... Immune-complex disease ... , Anti-GBM • Tubular ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Differential Diagnosis ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... , ANA, Anti-GBM, ... Anti-ds-DNA, C3 ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
membrane: Goodpasture ... life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... antibody, Anti-GBM ... usually low in anti-GBM
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggest intrinsic renal ... disease - Timing ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Thin basement membrane ... disease - Alport ... of glomerular disease ... causes #urology #nephrology