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differential algorithm management renal glomerular hematuria proteinuria urine classification nephrotic neurology pathology pulmonary syndrome syndromes urology acute aids aki ana
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... chronic kidney diseases ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
(IM) - Electron ... Microscopy (EM) ... RPGN • Anti-GBM ... #nephrology #pathology ... comparison #table #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Minimal change disease ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells on urine microscopy ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... disease • ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease ... #nephrology #renal
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
- Differential Diagnosis ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria Important Historical Elements: - Painless: suggests malignancy - Painful: suggests calculi/infection - Urinalysis:
and Differential Diagnosis ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... intrinsic renal disease ... neck, prostatic) #Diagnosis ... #EM #IM #Urology
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