37 results
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... • Low or normal ... #endocrinology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia ... findings (see algorithm ... around 6-8AM) – if value ... Stimulation #StimTest #Endocrinology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... polydipsia • Insufficient
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... polydipsia • Insufficient
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... intake, Renal insufficiency ... #differential #algorithm
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... hypothyroidism • adrenal insufficiency ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Test 1: Baseline AM Cortisol 
 - Beware of major normal value
 -
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... of major normal value ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malabsorption • Short ... Tumor lysis syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #PTH #endocrinology