124 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Algorithm Increased ... K-ATPase which imports ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid ... and uric acid low ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Utilizing ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Uric Acid - Low ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Algorithm - GI ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... by Dr Zalman Agus ... Hypophosphatemia #phosphorus #low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... Reduced renal blood flow ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Low ... Malabsorption • Short ... Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Algorithm #PTH
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology