13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... and 2, but not type ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Shock Classification ... Differential Diagnosis SHOCK ... Blood Loss, GI Losses ... #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Types
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... - Acquired - Primary ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
undifferentiated shock ... is in impending shock ... perfusion - shock ... LV failure - Low ... classification
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
pH Calculate Urinary ... /normal Type ... /normal Type ... Villous adenoma - Losses ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
of stones: • Urinary ... overproduction • Low ... solubility: • Low ... Hypocitraturia • RTA Type ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... water intake (Primary ... polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Heart Association class ... • Hypovolemic shock ... insipidus • Primary ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... Calcium Oxalate: Primary ... 1-4, Lowe Syndrome ... SwastiThinks #Metabolic #Causes ... Stones #pediatrics #nephrology