10 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... cirrhosis, chronic ... Kidney stones caused ... cirrhosis, and ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
gradual • Severe liver ... disease (e.g. advanced ... cirrhosis, severe ... type 2 HRS) • Low ... diagnosis #HRS #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... intake: Alcoholism (cirrhosis ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
Causes of Anemia ... in Cirrhosis - ... Diagnosis Framework LOW ... • Blood Loss: Variceal ... Destruction: Zieve's syndrome
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Heart Failure, Liver ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Syndrome, Chronic ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
glucose by the liver ... presentations and disease ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome
Nail Pathologies - Findings in or Near Nails

Paronychia 

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral
increased blood flow ... Systemic causes ... Seen in liver disease ... , usually cirrhosis ... seen in Reiter's syndrome
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... disease: cirrhosis ... • Caused by splanchnic ... Exclude other AKI causes ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... tone = increased flow ... arteriovenous shunting causes ... • Stigmata of cirrhosis ... #cirrhosis #diagnosis
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... worsening of that disease ... • AIDS with low ... ulceration • Varicella ... progression of cirrhosis