10 results
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... intake: Alcoholism (cirrhosis ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Alcoholism (cirrhosis ... (steatorrhea) Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... #Causes #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... antidiuretic hormone secretion ... , Cirrhosis, Cardiac ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Excretion Carbonic ... Kidney stones caused ... #Excretion #Diuresis ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
gradual • Severe liver ... (e.g. advanced cirrhosis ... significantly improve renal ... diagnosis #HRS #nephrology ... #criteria #types
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... of 25(OH)D3 - Liver ... 1,25(OH2)D3 - Renal ... Malabsorption Syndromes ... Increased calcium excretion
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
from the blood by excretion ... or renal injury ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... - Compartment syndrome ... deficiency - Renal
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... disease: cirrhosis ... • Caused by splanchnic ... Diagnosis (Clinical Criteria ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Heart Failure, Liver ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Syndrome, Chronic ... Renal Failure, ... #nephrology #sodium
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... specific diagnostic criteria ... ulceration • Varicella ... progression of cirrhosis ... develop IRIS (exception