14 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... - Low Uric Acid ... → renal salt wasting ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Approach to Acid ... Evaluation and Differential ... 3) Now, look at ... Generally, for acid ... Disorders #Evaluation #workup
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
tubular acidosis ... di-basic amino acids ... magnesium Uric acid ... tubular acidosis ... #stones #differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... Cystinuria - Amino acid ... tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... the excretion of sodium ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... cause metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
- Differential Diagnosis ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... PRIS), Valproic Acid ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... liver Failure, Renal