62 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... (HPS) HPS-differential ... Pulmonary vasculature ... Patients with liver ... #HPS #hepatology
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Late Budd-Chiari syndrome ... , Massive liver ... leak, Nephrotic syndrome ... albumin #gradient #hepatology ... #differential #
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Pancytopenia - Differential ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... • Epstein-Barr virus ... #Pancytopenia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic liver ... Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome ... <1% #Ascites #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Myelodysplastic syndrome ... PD deficiency, Pulmonary ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... key #diagnosis #differential ... #hematology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Transaminitis - Differential ... Trauma: Shock liver ... Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Platelet Count - Differential ... → Refer to hematology ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
paracentesis (>5 liter ... ) - 8g per liter ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... Management #Cirrhosis #treatment ... #hepatology
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... disease (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Hepatology #Cirrhosis
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... #dyspnea #sob #differential