23 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
at least 50% Renal ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... • Drugs • HIV ... allopurinol, PPI) • Infections
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... analgesics) • Infections ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Elevated Amylase (Hyperamylasemia)- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pancreatic causes:
 - Pancreatic cancer
 - Complications pancreatitis: eg pseudocyst
 -
Pancreatic causes ... radiation, trauma, infection ... Active IBID - Renal ... / HIV / Diabetes ... fallopian tube cysts
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Statins), ETOH Infection ... (Viral- HIV, Influenza ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Cast formation: ... Management #Summary #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... - Viral (HIV, Influenza ... Cast formation: ... of underlying disease
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Metabolic • Renal ... • Malignancy Infectious ... Hepatitis • HIV ... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Neurologic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease ... Renal Causes
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
suggests calculi/infection ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... suggest intrinsic renal ... disease - Timing ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Disorders: • Infection ... tuberculosis, fungal infections ... Lung cancer • Renal ... from RTA type IV ... autoimmune adrenalitis cases