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Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia

#Pathophysiology #Hemolytic #Anemia #hematology #diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Pathophysiology, ... Signs and Symptoms ... of Hemolytic Anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Script Signs and symptoms ... : • Recurrent infections ... Treatment: • Consider ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... Idiopathic • Infections ... Treatment: ... • Improve the symptoms ... #oncology #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... TPO, TPO-RA • Infections ... : Chronic infections ... bacterial and viral infections
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... deficiency Infections ... • Epstein-Barr virus ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
immunodeficiency virus ... days or weeks • Virus ... enzymes ↑ • Mild anemia ... • Epstein-Barr virus ... antibody test) Treatment
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... +++: Virus (EBV, ... Unknown cause Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #summary #rheumatology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Due to Viral infection ... of anemia include ... • hemolytic anemia ... disease #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Anaplasma Infection - Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Pathophysiology: 
 • Obligate, intracellular bacteria
 • Transmitted via blacklegged tick —
Anaplasma Infection ... phagocytophilum Pathophysiology ... morulae Signs and symptoms ... immature forms) • Anemia ... #Anaplasma #Infection
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
of anemia or thrombocytopenia ... Complications: 1) Infection ... Constitutional symptoms ... marrow failure with anemia ... Leukemia #oncology #hematology