18 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... throughout (upper urinary ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology ... Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Algorithm of causes of Acute Urinary Retention 

#Diagnosis #Urology #Urinary #Retention #Algorithm #Differential #Ddxof
Differential Algorithm ... of causes of Acute ... #Diagnosis #Urology ... #Algorithm #Differential ... #Ddxof
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... filling of bucket (low ... all the time (urinary ... GI loss) - VARUN ... #nephrology
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bacteriuria & Hematuria ... Herpes Simplex Virus
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... Obstruction - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... on ultrasound, Hematuria ... #Causes #Urology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Vasopressin-independent - Consider: Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... hyponatremia #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Solute Intake - Primary ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #diagnosis #nephrology